Movable deflector plate for furnaces



June 22, 1948. F. R; HIGLEY MOVABLE DEFLECTOR PLATES FOR FURNACES `sv sheets-sheet 1 Filed-nec. 22, 194s 4 INVENTOR.

BY ,6m/wr A? H/@L :Y

ya@ im HG. i

June 22, 1 948. F. R. LAl-ucsLEY 2,443,910'

MovABLEmEFLEcToB PLATES Fon` FuRNAcEs I Filed Dec. 22, 1945 l s/sheets-sheet 2 .INI/ENTOR. 56,3 FRANK E ,ll/@LEY BY Z: E: gf

June 22,1943. f F. R. HLGLEY l 1 f 2,443,910

MovABLE DEFLECKTOR PLATES FOR FURNACES v Filed Deo. 22, 1945 5 sheets-sheet 3 JNVENTOR. fk5/YA( E H/GLEY Arras/vars Patented June 2v2, 1948 Frank It. Highs', Cleveland, hio, assigner` itc 'Bryant Heater -Gompany, a corporation of Ohio Application December 22, A1943,"Seral No. 515,214

.3 rClaims.

This invention-relates to iinprovementsin 'fur- Ineces,:particularly furnaces of the magazine type. 'In certain of its aspects the invention constitutes an improvement over the (zo-pending application of Eric Ryden and myself, Serial Number 449,744, filed July 4, '1942, now abandoned. It comprises however :a refractory lining of a charalcter disclosed and #claimed per se in my'co-pendng application, Serial Number 472,965, filed l an- Aliar-y '20, 1943, now matured into Patent No.`

v2,378,220, which a continuation in part of my earlier application, Seriali Number 449,743, led July 4, 11942, now matured into Patent No. 2,365,- 193.

One o'f 1the objects of the invention is the'provisionin a furnace of the character stated Vof `means ffor `producing aheat patternfextending upwardly from above fa'lining wall, distributed throughout vrthe extent of that Wall, and spaced somewhat from a shell ythat extends around the wall and upwardly therefrom to constitute a heat exchanger, whereby the heat is concentrated close 'to the heat exchangerbut there is no direct contact between the name and the heat exchanger, -so fthat the heat exchanger is not deteriorated by excessive temperature nor is combustion retarded-by excessive cooling.

Another object of the invention is the provision of baffle means for inducing iiow of hot gases ralong 'the wall of the heat exchanger, in other words,`for insuring the 'continuation of flow in the `pattern induced by the lining formation.

Another object is theprovision of means functioning Vautomatically upon the opening of Athe fueLadmi-ssion door for shifting the baille to bypass -iiow directly to the flue pipe and thereby to relieve pressure inthe comhustion chamber land thus prevent the discharge of gases ,into the .furnace room.

Another object of the invention `is the provision of `a furnace of the vcharacter stated wherein the structural parts .may be largely sheet metal.

Other `ohj ects and vfeatures of novelty Vwill .appearras I ,proceed with .the description of that embodiment of the invention which, for the purposes Aof the present application, I have illus- :trated inthe accompanying'drawings, in which Eig. 1 is a vertical ,sectional View of a furnace embodying my invention.

:Figs 2 and 3 are horizontal sectional views, taken substantially on the lines 2 2, and 3-3 respectively of Fig. 1.

4 is Aan elevational :view `of the 'fuel foon- :raining` face i of :aiming block firom =a 'i plurality :of

:2 which-the`lining patternillustrated in `Figs. `1 and 3 maybe made up.

Figs. 5 and 6 `are :top and ibottom pian `views respectively of the block of Fig. l4.

Fig. 7 is `an end View ofthe :same looking in theldirection of arrows lllof Fig. 5, and

Fig. 8 is a detail, sectional view taken substantially'along the line 8--8 vof Fig. 5.

In the drawings, If represents a shellof sheet metal upon which vis mounted a grate. In the illustrated case the vshell is cylindrical and the grate comprises two elements, ari-annular member ll suitably secured -`to the shell and a ciiicular `member l2 surroundediby andsupported upon the lannular member.

lAloove the `grate 11, i2, .the internal surface of the shell is covered by a refractory lining indicated generally at i3, ywhich extends `vertically f far enough to constitute a fuel magazine of a capacity sufficient to make frequent refueling unnecessary.

The `lower `portion of the shell 4constitutes a wrapper sheet ^for ithe `refractory lining, fbut in additionitconstitutes aheat exchangerinasmuch as combustion occurs throughout `the inner face of thelining due to the peculiar ifonniation thereof. "That-part-of fthels'hell `whi-ch extends vabove the lining I'S constitutes :further lheat exchange means, and it is with this Vlatter portion of the iheat exchanger .that-ithepresent invention is more particularly concerned. The upper end of -the shell may ybe closedbya plate 14.

A flue pipe i5 "makes connection with the upper part ofthe shell, and below the opening for this flue connection "I Imount -acircular baffle iii of somewhat smallerdiameterthan the inner diameter of fthe-shell, normally positioned ytangent to 2the :shell'on lthe flue fconnection side thereof, as illustrated lin Fig.`2. Normally this baille causes the heatpattern set up at the top of the lining -I3 :tope continued-upwardly, .the gases 'flowing wupwardly along fthe shell, through `the space intervening `between the shell `and the baiile and fthen overthe fbaie to i the 'flue `pipe I 5,

VBa'file lr6 is formed ypreferably in two halves, with-upwardly extending angesil at the meetinglinefbetween the halves, and removable fas- :teningimeans J8 and 19 extending through the flanges for fholding the `halves Voi? the baffle together.

Preferably vthe baille is movably -mounted `in order=that it'fmay belshiftedaway Afromits illustrateditangent position, thereby setting up a by- Ypass for fgases 'and smoke directly into i `the flue, land l=p1everiting ftheir discharge finto \the furnace room when the furnace door is opened. To this end I provide a bar 20 which is secured at its extremities to the shell and serves as a support upon which the baille I6 is free to slide. That part of the baffle to the left of bar 2l) of course greatly overbalances the smaller part to the right of that bar, and this overbalanced part is hung from shell IU- by a lever 2I which is pivotally supported at 22. This lever extends between offset portions of the flanges I'I and has a hole therethrough for the reception of a cotter pin 9 or the like to provide a removable pivotal connection carried by the lever for the support of the overbalanced portion of the baille.

A second sheet metal member 25 of cylindrical form surrounds shell I to provide a radiation shield. The parts thus far described are enclosed within a casing 26 which has a return air inlet at 21` and a heated air exit at 28. As shown, it has an ash door 29 in which there may be mounted a damper 3i)v controlling an opening Sila through which combustion supporting air may be admitted to the space beneath the grate il, i2,

3l is a casting which surrounds a fuel admission opening in shell Iii just above the lining I3. The `casting 3i is secured to shell I0, extends through an opening in member 25 and meets an opening in the front of casing 2t, where it forms the frame for a downwardly and outwardly opening door 32, which is more particularly described in the above mentioned application of Eric H. Ryden and myself.

33 is a bolt which slides freely yin a pair of brackets 134 carried by the casting 3i. The lower end of this bolt is adapted to be engaged by a door part when the door is closed, and a head on the upper end of the bolt is adapted to engage the lower end of the lever 2l. When the door 32 is opened bolt 33 is free to slide downward by gravity, thereby permitting gravity acting upon the lever and the baffle I6 to -swing the lever 2l and the baffle I6 from the full line positions of Fig. l to the dotted line positions thereof which shifts baille I6 downwardly and toward the left from its full line eccentric position, thereby automatically opening a direct and short passage from the combustion chamber 35 to the flue pipe I and relieving any pressure which may be present in the combustion chamber through the ilue rather than through the door opening. When the door 32 is closed, however, bolt 33 is slid upwardly and the head on its upper end engages the lever 2| shifting it back to the full line position and sliding baille I6 over bar 2 0 toward the right into its full line eccentric position.

The lining I3 is so formed on its fuel confining face that continuous passages are set up along that face from bottom to to-p thereof, which passages are distributed in a pattern over that face, The slope of the passages alongv the wall of the firepot is less than the angle of repose of the fuel, while the slope considered in a radial direction is approximately zero. The annular grate member II is formed with air ,openings 36 therethrough which introduce air toy the bottom extremities of these passages. The passages are formed by overhangs on the lining, the under surfaces of the overhangs being so disposed that they have slope less than the angle of repose of the fuel, and consequently do not tend to fill with fuel when the iirepot is filled or when the unburned fuel settles in the firepot after some of it hasbeen burned away. The passages remain open, and air andk gases are free to ilow upwardly through them. Since air is present in' these passages combustion takes place in them. The proportions of air, combustible gas and products of combustion owing through the passages, vary with the conditions lof operation, but whether or not there is flame at the upper extremities of the passages there will always be a neat pattern of roughly annular form rising from the upper ends of the passages and extending upwardly along the walls of the shell above the repot but spaced away from these walls.

The detail form of lining may vary more or less as indicated in my co-pending applications above identied, but I prefer a form wherein the passages are arranged in a network pattern of crossed helices. A lining of this character may be constructed of a multiplicity of identical blocks of the form illustrated in Figs. 4 to 8, inclusive. This block per se constitutes an embodiment of the invention of my co-pending application, Serial Number 472,965 above mentioned, where it is described in detail. For the purposes of the present application a short description will be sufficient.

In the drawings each block covers an angle of GQ degrees, so that there are six blocks in each course. The rear face of each block has an intermediate at surface 42 and two arcuate surfaces 43 of cylindrical contour which are adapted to conform with the inner wall surface of shell I0. The sides 44 of the block conform with radial planes through the axis of the cylindrical shell I0.

The front or fuel confining face of each block has two high points, 45 and 4B, that is to say, these are the points which project inwardly in a radial direction furthest from the shell I0. These points are at the lower extremities of plane surfaces 4l to 48, respectively, which are inclined to the vertical. These surfaces overhang the surfaces beneath and to the sides thereof, that is to say, surface 47 overhangs a surface 49 and a surface 50, and a small intermediate surface 5I. Similarly, surface 48 overhangs a surface 52, a surface 53 and a small intermediate surface 54. Surfaces 41 and 49 and surfaces 48 and 53 intersect in lines 55 and 56 respectively, both of which lie in a plane that is parallel to the rear surface 42 of the block. The top of each block has a flat surface 51 while the bottom thereof has a flat surface 58 in the same plane with surface 5I. The surfaces 5U,5I, 52, and 54 are in planes substantially at right angles to the rear surface of the block, except that allowance is made for draft in molding. The same is true of triangular surfaces 60, 6I, 62,-and 63. Surfaces 59 and 52 in the middle of the block and the triangles 5I and 5a are complete. Most of the other surfaces are continued in the blocks on either side or above and below, two surfaces at the left side of the block and one at the bottom thereof bein-g marked 48 because they are continuations of the surface 48 in the next block to the left and the next block below, and a surface at the right side :of the block being marked 41 because it constitutes a continuation of the surface 41 of the block next'to the right. The surfaces 50, 62 together constitute a continuation of the surface 53 of an adjacent block, and the surfaces 6I, `63 together constitute a continuation of the surface 49 of an adjacent block. When a lining is assembled the blocks are arranged in vertical alignment, that is to say, they are not staggered in the manner of the bricks of a brick wall.

It will be observed therefore thatthe overhung passages of a complete lining are arranged in a pattern which roughly approximates crossed helices, that is to say, each helix is made up of a series of plane surface increments which approach a true helix. The passages defined by these overhung surfaces extend from bottom to top of the repot, their upper ends terminating at the points marked l. Two oppositely inclined helices meet at each oi these points. Hence there are twelve helical passages distributed around the repot. These passages are nome-entrant, that is to say, the overhung surface does not incline downwardly in a radially inward direction. Hence, gases flowing along the passages can escape without flowing in a downward direction, and the low slope of the passages tends to promote such escape. Especially, in the region near the top of the fuel bed escape of the gases is rendered the more likely because the cross-sectional area of the passages decreases toward the points 40 with the result that the gases tend to be crowded out largely before reaching such points. Hence, each helical passage will be discharged at the top of the fuel bed, not with concentration at the point d'0, but rather with substantial lateral distribution each way therefrom. The resulting heat pattern practically attains continuity all around the repot.

While the disclosure herein is of a furnace emhodying a cylindrical repot it is to be understood that in its broader aspects the invention is applicable to furnaces having repots other than those of circular cross-section, or to certain lirepot face portions only.

I claim:

1. In apparatus of the character described, a magazine repot comprising an upright cylindrical fuel enclosing wall, a shell of cylindrical form extending upwardly therefrom to constitute a heat exchanger, a ilue pipe connected with said shell at one side and near the top thereof, a circular baille of smaller diameter than the interior diameter of said shell horizontally mounted below said flue connection and normally disposed tangent to the shell on the flue connection side thereof, a fuel admission opening in the shell above said repot diametrically opposite said flue connection, a furnace door controlling said opening, and means operatively associated wit-h said door for causing said baille to have translatory motion away from the ilue connection side of the shell to open a direct path of discharge from said flrepot to the flue when the door is moved from closed to open position.

2. In apparatus of the character described, a magazine repot comprising an upright cylindrical fuel enclosing wall adapted to promote combustion peripherally of fuel-within said firepot, a shell of cylindrical form extending upwardly therefrom to constitute a heat exchanger, a

flue pipe connected with said shell at one side and i near the top thereof, a circular baille of smaller diameter than the interior diameter of said shell horizontally mounted below said flue connection and normally disposed tangent to the shell on the flue connection side thereof, a fuel admission opening in the shell above said firepot diametrically opposite said flue connection, a furnace door controlling said opening, and means operatively associated with said door for causing said baille to have translatory motion away from the flue connection side of the shell to open a direct path of discharge from said repot to the flue when the door is moved from closed to open position.

3. In a furnace of the class described and having an upright cylindrical wall with a forwardly located fuel admission opening and a rearwardly located ilue outlet opening, said ilue outlet opening being located at a level above that of said fuel inlet opening, circular baille means of smaller diameter than that of said wall, disposed at a level between said openings, and means mounting said baille means for translatory fore and aft adjustment between a rearward location adjacent said flue outlet opening and a forward location adjacent said fuel inlet opening.

FRANK R. HIGLEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the Ille of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 558,215 Shindler Apr. 14, 1896 660,357 Barber Oct. 23, 1900 691,688 Winter Jan. 21, 1902 706,996 Oblinger et al. Aug. 12, 1902 745,909 Robischung Dec. 1, 1903 1,707,731 Kerch Apr. 2, 1929 2,069,120 Stewart Jan. 26, 1937 2,104,127 Hickman Jan. 4, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 249,255 Germany July 15, 1912 

